Most of us associate the holiday with happy
Pilgrims and Indians sitting down to a big feast. And that did happen -
once.
The story began in 1614 when a band of English
explorers sailed home to England with a ship full of Patuxet Indians
bound for slavery. They left behind smallpox which virtually wiped out those
who had escaped. By the time the Pilgrims arrived in Massachusetts Bay
they found only one living Patuxet Indian, a man named Squanto who had survived
slavery in England and knew their language. He taught them to grow corn
and to fish, and negotiated a peace treaty between the Pilgrims and the
Wampanoag Nation. At the end of their first year, the Pilgrims held a great
feast honoring Squanto and the Wampanoags.
But as word spread in England about the paradise
to be found in the new world, religious zealots called Puritans began arriving
by the boat load. Finding no fences around the land, they considered it to be
in the public domain. Joined by other British settlers, they seized land,
capturing strong young Natives for slaves and killing the rest. But the
Pequot Nation had not agreed to the peace treaty Squanto had negotiated and
they fought back. The Pequot War was one of the bloodiest Indian wars ever
fought.
In 1637 near present day Groton,
Connecticut, over 700 men, women and children of the Pequot Tribe had gathered
for their annual Green Corn Festival which is our Thanksgiving celebration. In
the predawn hours the sleeping Indians were surrounded by English and Dutch
mercenaries who ordered them to come outside. Those who came out were
shot or clubbed to death while the terrified women and children who huddled
inside the longhouse were burned alive. The next day the governor of the
Massachusetts Bay Colony declared "A Day Of Thanksgiving" because 700
unarmed men, women and children had been murdered.
Cheered by their "victory", the brave
colonists and their Indian allies attacked village after village. Women and
children over 14 were sold into slavery while the rest were murdered.
Boats loaded with a many as 500 slaves regularly left the ports of New England.
Bounties were paid for Indian scalps to encourage as many deaths as
possible.
Following an especially successful raid against
the Pequot in what is now Stamford, Connecticut, the churches announced a
second day of "thanksgiving" to celebrate victory over the heathen
savages. During the feasting, the hacked off heads of Natives were kicked
through the streets like soccer balls. Even the friendly Wampanoag did
not escape the madness. Their chief was beheaded, and his head impaled on a
pole in Plymouth, Massachusetts -- where it remained on display for 24
years.
The killings became more and more frenzied, with
days of thanksgiving feasts being held after each successful massacre. George
Washington finally suggested that only one day of Thanksgiving per year be set
aside instead of celebrating each and every massacre. Later Abraham Lincoln
decreed Thanksgiving Day to be a legal national holiday during the Civil War --
on the same day he ordered troops to march against the starving Sioux in
Minnesota.
This story doesn't have quite the same fuzzy
feelings associated with it as the one where the Indians and Pilgrims are all
sitting down together at the big feast. But we need to learn our true
history so it won't ever be repeated. Next Thanksgiving, when
you gather with your loved ones to Thank God for all your blessings, think
about those people who only wanted to live their lives and raise their
families. They, also took time out to say "thank you" to
Creator for all their blessings.
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